{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Getting started\n",
    "\n",
    "Topics:\n",
    "1.  How to print\n",
    "2. How to assign variables\n",
    "3. How to comment\n",
    "4. Syntax for basic math"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## How to print\n",
    "\n",
    "In Julia we usually use `println()` to print"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "println(\"I'm excited to learn Julia!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## How to assign variables\n",
    "\n",
    "All we need is a variable name, value, and an equal's sign!<br>\n",
    "Julia will figure out types for us."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "my_answer = 42\n",
    "typeof(my_answer)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "my_pi = 3.14159\n",
    "typeof(my_pi)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "😺 = \"smiley cat!\"\n",
    "typeof(😺)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "To type a smiley cat, use tab completion to select the emoji name and then tab again"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# \\:smi + <tab> --> select with down arrow + <enter> ---> <tab> + <enter> to complete"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "After assigning a value to a variable, we can reassign a value of a different type to that variable without any issue."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "😺 = 1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "typeof(😺)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "Note: Julia allows us to write super generic code, and 😺 is an example of this. \n",
    "\n",
    "This allows us to write code like"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "😀 = 0\n",
    "😞 = -1"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "😺 + 😞 == 😀"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## How to comment"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "# You can leave comments on a single line using the pound/hash key"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "#=\n",
    "\n",
    "For multi-line comments, \n",
    "use the '#= =#' sequence.\n",
    "\n",
    "=#"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Syntax for basic math"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "sum = 3 + 7"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "difference = 10 - 3"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "product = 20 * 5"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "quotient = 100 / 10"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "power = 10 ^ 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "modulus = 101 % 2"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercises\n",
    "\n",
    "#### 1.1 \n",
    "Look up docs for the `convert` function."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.2 \n",
    "Assign `365` to a variable named `days`. Convert `days` to a float and assign it to variable `days_float`"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {
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    "editable": false,
    "hide_input": true,
    "nbgrader": {
     "checksum": "a2dc243275e0310c3b29a745b952f321",
     "grade": true,
     "grade_id": "cell-715f78016beb0489",
     "locked": true,
     "points": 1,
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   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "@assert days == 365\n",
    "@assert days_float == 365.0\n"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "#### 1.3 \n",
    "See what happens when you execute\n",
    "\n",
    "```julia\n",
    "convert(Int64, \"1\")\n",
    "```\n",
    "and\n",
    "\n",
    "```julia\n",
    "parse(Int64, \"1\")\n",
    "```"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": []
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "Please click on `Validate` on the top, once you are done with the exercises."
   ]
  }
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